Tonsil and Adenoid Hypertrophy in Children

Enlargement of tonsils and adenoids causing airway obstruction in children

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board

Last updated: June 8, 2026

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our KBB (Kulak Burun Boğaz) department. Book Appointment →

What is Tonsil and Adenoid Hypertrophy in Children?

Tonsils and adenoids are lymphoid tissues of Waldeyer's ring that physiologically enlarge in early childhood.

Hypertrophy narrows the upper airway and nasopharynx causing mouth breathing, snoring, and obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS).

Allergic predisposition, repeated upper respiratory infections, and passive smoke exposure contribute to persistent enlargement.

Diagnosis is clinical with oropharyngeal examination and flexible nasopharyngoscopy; polysomnography is used when OSAS is suspected.

Symptoms

Snoring and witnessed apnoeic pauses at night

Mouth breathing and dry mouth

Noisy breathing

Hyponasal or muffled speech

Feeding difficulty and slow eating

Daytime sleepiness, behavioural and attention problems

Risk Factors

Age 2-8 years

Atopic background and allergic rhinitis

Recurrent upper respiratory infections

Passive smoke exposure

Family history of OSAS

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

If the child has witnessed apnoeic pauses at night
If persistent mouth breathing develops
If there is growth failure or failure to thrive

Treatment Methods

Intranasal corticosteroid sprays (mometasone, fluticasone)

Montelukast therapy for mild-to-moderate cases

Adenotonsillectomy (surgical) for significant obstruction or OSAS

Polysomnography to quantify OSAS severity

Management of coexisting allergic rhinosinusitis

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our KBB (Kulak Burun Boğaz) department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About KBB (Kulak Burun Boğaz) Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.