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Vulvovaginitis

Inflammation of the vulva and vagina — the commonest gynaecological complaint

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department. Book Appointment →

What is Vulvovaginitis?

Vulvovaginitis encompasses inflammation and infection of the vulva and vaginal mucosa and is experienced by most women at least once in life.

Common causes include candidal, bacterial, trichomonal, atrophic (postmenopausal), chemical irritant, and allergic vulvovaginitis.

Normal vaginal flora is dominated by lactobacilli maintaining an acid pH; disruption by antibiotics, high oestrogen, or hormonal fluctuation allows pathogen overgrowth.

Diagnosis is guided by discharge colour, consistency, pH, wet-mount microscopy, and culture as needed; treatment is cause-specific.

Symptoms

Itching, burning, and irritation
Abnormal vaginal discharge (altered colour, odour, or consistency)
Vulvar redness and swelling
Burning during urination
Pain or discomfort during intercourse
Vulvar rash or fissures

Risk Factors

Recent antibiotic use
High-oestrogen states (pregnancy, combined oral contraceptives)
Diabetes mellitus
Immunosuppression
Tight or synthetic underwear
Perfumed soaps or douching products

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • At first-time vaginal symptoms
  • If over-the-counter treatment fails
  • If pain or fever accompanies symptoms
  • If symptoms persist beyond one week
  • With recurrent episodes (more than twice monthly)

Treatment Methods

01
Candidal: topical or oral azole (fluconazole) therapy
02
Bacterial vaginosis: metronidazole or clindamycin
03
Trichomoniasis: metronidazole or tinidazole (treat partner too)
04
Atrophic: low-dose topical oestrogen in postmenopausal women
05
Irritant/allergic: removal of the offending agent
06
Probiotic support and cotton underwear to prevent recurrence

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.