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Uterine Fibroids

Benign tumors arising from the muscle tissue of the uterus; they may be asymptomatic in most women.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department. Book Appointment →

What is Uterine Fibroids?

Uterine fibroids (leiomyomas) are benign tumors developing from uterine smooth muscle cells. They can be single or multiple; they can range in size from millimeters to kilograms. They are classified according to location as intramural (within the muscle), submucosal (facing the uterine cavity), and subserosal (facing outside the uterus).

Estrogen and progesterone stimulate fibroid growth; therefore, fibroids usually shrink after menopause. Family history and ethnic origin (especially more common in women of African descent) are important risk factors.

The vast majority of fibroids are asymptomatic and are incidentally detected on ultrasound. Those causing symptoms, especially submucosal fibroids, are among the leading causes of abnormal bleeding.

Symptoms

Excessive or prolonged menstrual bleeding
Pelvic pain, pressure, or fullness sensation
Frequent urination or inability to fully empty the bladder
Constipation and low back pain
Pain during intercourse
Iron deficiency anemia (due to chronic bleeding)
Abdominal swelling or sensation of enlarged uterus

Risk Factors

Family history of fibroids
Early menarche (first period before age 12)
Obesity
Red meat-dominated diet
Vitamin D deficiency
Alcohol consumption

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • If menstrual bleeding is too severe to be controlled with pad or tampon
  • If fatigue and shortness of breath develop due to bleeding
  • If pelvic pain or pressure is disrupting daily life
  • If pregnancy is planned and fibroid has been detected
  • If the duration of monthly bleeding exceeds 7 days

Treatment Methods

01
Observation: Regular ultrasound follow-up in small and asymptomatic fibroids
02
Medical therapy: GnRH agonists, ulipristal acetate, levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device
03
Uterine fibroid embolization (UAE): Blocking the supplying vessel
04
Laparoscopic or hysteroscopic myomectomy: Removal of the fibroid
05
Hysterectomy: Removal of the uterus in severe cases
06
Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS)

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.