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Cervical Cancer

Closely related to HPV infection, a cancer type in which full recovery is possible with early diagnosis.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department. Book Appointment →

What is Cervical Cancer?

Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the cells lining the cervix. The vast majority of cases (more than 99%) are associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection; however, cancer does not develop in every woman carrying HPV.

The disease usually progresses through years of precancerous changes (CIN 1, CIN 2, CIN 3). If this stage is detected by regular screening, complete cure can be achieved with simple treatments.

In Türkiye, cervical cancer holds an important place among cancers seen in women, and under the national screening program, HPV testing every 5 years is recommended for women aged 30-65.

Symptoms

Vaginal bleeding after intercourse, between periods, or after menopause
Persistent foul-smelling and watery vaginal discharge
Pelvic or low back pain
Pain during urination or bowel movements
Swelling in the legs (in advanced stage)
Unexplained fatigue and loss of appetite

Risk Factors

High-risk HPV (type 16, 18) infection
Irregular or no Pap smear screening
Smoking
Use of immune system suppressive drugs or HIV infection
Early sexual activity and multiple partners
Long-term oral contraceptive use

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • When any vaginal bleeding occurs after intercourse or between periods
  • When bleeding resumes after menopause
  • When ongoing pelvic pain or pressure is present
  • When Pap smear result comes out abnormal
  • If HPV test has not been done in the last five years

Treatment Methods

01
Early stage: LEEP, conization, or laser treatment
02
Surgery: Hysterectomy (removal of uterus) or radical hysterectomy
03
Radiotherapy: External beam radiation and brachytherapy
04
Chemotherapy: Usually applied simultaneously with radiotherapy
05
Targeted therapy and immunotherapy (advanced stage)
06
Primary protection with HPV vaccine and regular screening follow-up

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Department

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You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.