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Superimposed Preeclampsia

The addition of preeclampsia to chronic hypertension during pregnancy multiplies maternal and fetal risk.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department. Book Appointment →

What is Superimposed Preeclampsia?

Chronic hypertension is defined as blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg detected before pregnancy or before 20 weeks of gestation. The addition of preeclampsia in these patients during pregnancy is called 'superimposed preeclampsia' and may be seen in 20-50% of pregnancies.

For diagnosis of superimposed preeclampsia, in a pregnant woman with chronic hypertension, new-onset proteinuria after week 20, increase in proteinuria, sudden rise in blood pressure or end-organ dysfunction (thrombocytopenia, elevated liver enzymes, renal dysfunction, cerebral/visual symptoms) is required.

In superimposed preeclampsia, the risks of preterm delivery, intrauterine growth restriction, placental abruption and maternal morbidity are significantly increased. Treatment includes optimization of antihypertensive therapy, close fetal monitoring and timely delivery decision.

Symptoms

Sudden rise in blood pressure
New-onset or increased proteinuria
Headache and visual disturbances
Epigastric or right upper quadrant pain
Nausea, vomiting
Rapid increase in extremity edema
Decreased fetal movements

Risk Factors

History of chronic hypertension
Pregestational diabetes
Chronic kidney disease
Advanced maternal age
Obesity
History of preeclampsia in previous pregnancy

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • When sudden rise in blood pressure is detected
  • When headache, visual disturbance or epigastric pain develops
  • When decreased urine output is noticed
  • When fetal movements decrease
  • If routine follow-up plan is missed

Treatment Methods

01
Antihypertensive optimization (labetalol, nifedipine, alpha-methyldopa)
02
Low-dose aspirin prophylaxis (from week 12-16)
03
Close blood pressure and proteinuria follow-up
04
Laboratory monitoring (CBC, AST, ALT, creatinine, uric acid)
05
Fetal growth ultrasonography and Doppler monitoring
06
Delivery between 34-37 weeks according to disease severity

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.