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Radiation Injury and Burn

A specific medical condition causing acute and delayed cutaneous and systemic effects.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Acil Servis department. Book Appointment →

What is Radiation Injury and Burn?

Radiation burns occur when ionising radiation (X-ray, gamma, beta, neutron) ionises skin and other tissues. Damage is mediated by DNA injury and cell death.

Severity depends on dose; low doses cause erythema and epilation, moderate doses dry or wet desquamation, and high doses necrosis and ulceration. Systemic effects, known as acute radiation syndrome, involve haematological, gastrointestinal and neurovascular components.

Treatment is dictated by dose, area and exposure duration; wound care, pain control, infection prevention and surgical debridement when needed are the cornerstones. Triage and decontamination protocols are followed in nuclear accidents.

Symptoms

Erythema and epilation at low dose
Dry and wet desquamation
Radionecrosis and ulceration
Pain and loss of function
Nausea and vomiting in systemic exposure
Pancytopenia in acute radiation syndrome

Risk Factors

Patients receiving radiotherapy
Nuclear facility workers
Industrial and medical accidents
Interventional radiology procedures
Nuclear terrorism or accidents
Inadequate radiation hygiene

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Report any skin reaction during radiotherapy to the oncology team
  • Refer extensive or painful radiation burns to a burn centre
  • Track blood counts when acute radiation syndrome is suspected
  • Direct nuclear accident victims to triage centres immediately

Treatment Methods

01
Decontamination when indicated
02
Moist dressings and protective wound care
03
Topical steroids and antiseptics in selected cases
04
Pain management and intravenous fluids
05
Growth factors and blood products in severe systemic disease
06
Plastic surgery and burn centre consultation

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Acil Servis department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.