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Burn Treatment and First Aid

Applying cool water for the first 20 minutes limits burn damage; correct response speeds recovery.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Acil Servis department. Book Appointment →

What is Burn Treatment and First Aid?

Burns are damage to the skin and deeper tissues caused by heat, chemicals, electricity or radiation. They are classified as first degree (superficial), second degree (partial thickness) and third degree (full thickness).

Cooling with lukewarm-cool water for 15–20 minutes is critical in first aid. Using ice, oil, toothpaste or yogurt increases infection and tissue damage.

Symptoms

Redness, swelling and pain (first degree)
Blister formation (vesicles) and severe pain (second degree)
Whitening or blackening of the skin, reduced pain (third degree)
Throat burning and cough in smoke inhalation
Shock findings in large burns (pallor, rapid pulse)
Special evaluation required for burns on the face, hands and genital area

Risk Factors

Household accidents (stove, iron, hot liquids)
Use of electrical appliances
Contact with chemical substances
Sunburn (especially in children)
Occupational accidents and industrial exposures
Fire and smoke inhalation

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Go to the emergency room if the burn surface exceeds 10% of body area
  • Emergency admission is mandatory for burns involving the face, hands, feet or genital area
  • Call 112 immediately for third degree burns and chemical/electrical burns
  • Emergency service is required if smoke inhalation or respiratory distress is present

Treatment Methods

01
Cooling with lukewarm cool water for 15–20 minutes; avoiding ice and home remedies
02
Covering with sterile dressing, removing jewelry and clothing
03
Pain relief and fluid resuscitation (Parkland formula for large burns)
04
Topical antimicrobial agent and sterile dressing
05
Referral to burn center, skin grafting and rehabilitation for large burns

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Acil Servis department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Acil Servis Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.