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Heart Attack First Aid

The first minutes in a heart attack save lives; correct response prevents permanent damage.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Acil Servis department. Book Appointment →

What is Heart Attack First Aid?

A heart attack (myocardial infarction) occurs when the coronary arteries supplying the heart are suddenly blocked, depriving the heart muscle of blood and oxygen. With every passing minute, part of the heart tissue is irreversibly damaged.

The aim of first aid is to calm the patient, call 112, and perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) if necessary. Giving aspirin (unless contraindicated) can help dissolve the clot.

The shorter the time from symptom onset to hospital treatment, the less permanent the damage; this is why the principle of 'Time is Muscle' has been adopted.

Symptoms

Pressure, squeezing or crushing sensation in the center of the chest
Pain radiating to the left arm, jaw, neck or back
Cold sweating and sudden weakness
Nausea, vomiting or indigestion-like feeling
Shortness of breath and pallor
Palpitations or irregular pulse

Risk Factors

History of coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis
Hypertension, diabetes and high cholesterol
Smoking and obesity
Physical inactivity and chronic stress
Family history of early heart attack
Advanced age (men >45, women >55)

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • If chest pain lasts longer than 5 minutes, call 112 immediately
  • If the pain does not resolve with rest, go to the emergency department
  • Start CPR in case of loss of consciousness or respiratory arrest
  • If you have had a previous heart attack, do not lose time with similar symptoms

Treatment Methods

01
Calling 112 for an ambulance and calming the patient
02
Chewing 300 mg aspirin if there is no allergy
03
CPR in case of unconsciousness and use of an automated defibrillator (AED) if available
04
Balloon angioplasty or thrombolytic therapy in hospital
05
Long-term medical therapy, cardiac rehabilitation and risk factor control

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Acil Servis department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Acil Servis Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.