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Premature Ovarian Insufficiency and Fertility

Fertility preservation strategies in declining ovarian function under age 40.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department. Book Appointment →

What is Premature Ovarian Insufficiency and Fertility?

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is the loss of ovarian function before age 40. FSH >25 IU/L on two measurements and amenorrhea for more than 4 months establishes the diagnosis. It affects 1% of women.

Autoimmune causes, genetic factors (FMR1 premutation, Turner mosaicism), chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the most common causes. Although spontaneous pregnancy chance is low, intermittent ovulation may be seen in 5-10% of cases.

Symptoms

Menstrual irregularity or amenorrhea
Hot flashes and night sweats
Vaginal dryness and dyspareunia
Infertility
Mood changes and anxiety
Difficulty concentrating

Risk Factors

Family history of early menopause
Autoimmune diseases (Addison, thyroiditis)
FMR1 premutation carrier status
Previous chemotherapy or radiotherapy
Bilateral ovarian surgery
Smoking

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Amenorrhea longer than 3 months under age 40
  • Menopausal symptoms starting at a young age
  • Low AMH and high FSH on infertility workup
  • Fertility preservation planning before cancer treatment

Treatment Methods

01
HRT (estrogen plus progesterone for bone health and cardiovascular protection)
02
Oocyte or embryo donation (fertility option)
03
Ovarian tissue cryopreservation (before cancer treatment)
04
In vitro activation (IVA - experimental)
05
Calcium and vitamin D supplementation
06
Psychological counseling and support groups

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.