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Preeclampsia

A serious complication specific to pregnancy, characterized by high blood pressure and signs of organ damage.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department. Book Appointment →

What is Preeclampsia?

Preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder characterized by blood pressure rising to 140/90 mmHg or above after the 20th week of pregnancy, along with the presence of protein in urine (proteinuria) or accompanying kidney, liver, platelet, or neurological complications.

If untreated, it can lead to eclampsia (seizure), HELLP syndrome (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet count), and maternal death. Risks of fetal growth restriction and preterm birth are also high.

The only definitive treatment is delivery. Depending on gestational age, a decision is made for expectant management or urgent delivery under the guidance of a perinatologist. Risk can be reduced with low-dose aspirin prophylaxis in high-risk women.

Symptoms

Severe headache, especially in the front of the forehead
Visual disturbances: spots, flashes of light, blurred vision
Right upper abdominal pain (pressure on liver capsule)
Sudden facial, hand, and ankle edema
Nausea-vomiting (newly starting in late pregnancy)
Decrease in urine or dark-colored urine

Risk Factors

First pregnancy
History of preeclampsia in previous pregnancy
Chronic hypertension or kidney disease
Diabetes and obesity
Multiple pregnancy
Over age 35 and family history of preeclampsia

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • When blood pressure measurement comes as 140/90 mmHg or above
  • When severe headache or vision change is experienced
  • When sudden marked swelling occurs in face and hands
  • When pain in the right upper abdomen begins
  • When a seizure is experienced (eclampsia — EMERGENCY)

Treatment Methods

01
Hospitalization and continuous fetal-maternal monitoring
02
Antihypertensive therapy: labetalol, nifedipine, or hydralazine
03
Magnesium sulfate: Prophylaxis and treatment of eclampsia seizure
04
Corticosteroid: Fetal lung maturation before 34 weeks
05
Decision for timely delivery: depending on severity and gestational age
06
Blood pressure monitoring in the postpartum period (preeclampsia can also persist after birth)

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.