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Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

If the upper genital tract infection is not treated, it leads to serious complications.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department. Book Appointment →

What is Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)?

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an inflammatory condition that occurs when microorganisms ascending from the cervix spread to the endometrium, fallopian tubes, ovary, and pelvic peritoneum. Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis are the most common agents; however, polymicrobial infections are also common.

PID leads to intratubal adhesions and tubal damage, increasing the risk of ectopic pregnancy 6-10 times and can cause infertility. Each PID episode cumulatively increases tubal damage.

Diagnosis is based on clinical findings (pelvic tenderness, cervical motion tenderness, adnexal tenderness); ultrasonography, laparoscopy, and laboratory tests play a supporting role.

Symptoms

Lower abdominal pain and tenderness (the most common symptom)
Abnormal vaginal discharge or bleeding
Pain during intercourse (dyspareunia)
Fever and chills
Nausea and vomiting
Burning during urination

Risk Factors

Gonorrhea or chlamydia infection
Young age (under 25)
Multiple sexual partners
Not using barrier methods
History of previous PID
Intrauterine device (IUD) use (risk increases in the first 3 weeks)

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • If there is fever or discharge with lower abdominal pain
  • When pain or bleeding after intercourse begins
  • Ongoing pelvic pain restricting daily activities
  • If sexual partner has been diagnosed with chlamydia or gonorrhea

Treatment Methods

01
Antibiotic therapy: ceftriaxone + doxycycline + metronidazole combination
02
Mild-moderate PID can be treated outpatient
03
Severe PID or tubo-ovarian abscess: hospitalization and IV antibiotics
04
Concurrent treatment of the sexual partner is mandatory
05
Tubo-ovarian abscess: drainage or surgery if unresponsive to antibiotics
06
Post-treatment follow-up and contraception counseling

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.