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Monochorionic Monoamniotic Pregnancy

Twins developing in a single placenta and a single amniotic sac; early delivery is required due to the risk of cord entanglement.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department. Book Appointment →

What is Monochorionic Monoamniotic Pregnancy?

MCMA pregnancy results from the splitting of monozygotic twins between days 8-12 of gestation. It is a rare and high-risk form of pregnancy, accounting for less than 1% of all twin pregnancies.

Because the amniotic sac is single in MCMA, the risks of cord entanglement, cord knot, TTTS, conjoined twins, and intrauterine fetal death are very high. Fetal mortality has been reported between 10-30%.

Management includes intensive fetal monitoring, corticosteroids, hospitalization, and planned cesarean section between 32-34 weeks. Some centers prefer outpatient follow-up while others adopt inpatient monitoring after the second trimester.

Symptoms

Maternal abdominal enlargement and discomfort
Absence of amniotic membrane on ultrasound
Imaging of cord entanglement
Decreased fetal movements
Preterm labor
Polyhydramnios (if TTTS is added)
Sudden fetal loss

Risk Factors

Monozygotic pregnancy
IVF and assisted reproductive techniques
Family history of monoamniotic pregnancy
Cord structural anomalies
Advanced maternal age
Previous MCMA history

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Urgent perinatology evaluation when MCMA is diagnosed
  • Decreased fetal movements
  • Signs of preterm labor
  • Suspected cord entanglement on ultrasound
  • Maternal pain, contractions, or bleeding

Treatment Methods

01
Close monitoring at a tertiary center
02
Serial ultrasound and cord evaluation
03
Hospitalization and fetal monitoring at 32-34 weeks
04
Corticosteroid therapy
05
Planned cesarean section between 32-34 weeks
06
Neonatal intensive care preparation

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.