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Molar Pregnancy (Hydatidiform Mole)

A gestational trophoblastic disease arising from abnormal development of the products of conception.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department. Book Appointment →

What is Molar Pregnancy (Hydatidiform Mole)?

Molar pregnancy is a benign condition within the spectrum of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). In a complete mole there is no fetus and the genome is entirely paternal. In a partial mole there is a triploid karyotype and a non-viable fetus.

Its incidence is 1/1000-1500 pregnancies in Western countries and higher in Asia. Advanced maternal age (>40) and previous molar pregnancy history are the most important risk factors.

Suction curettage is the gold standard treatment. hCG follow-up is then maintained for 6 months to 1 year, because gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (invasive mole, choriocarcinoma) develops in 15-20% of cases.

Symptoms

Abnormal vaginal bleeding (usually in the first trimester)
Hyperemesis gravidarum (severe nausea-vomiting)
Uterus large for gestational age
Excessively elevated beta-hCG
'Snowstorm' appearance on ultrasound
Theca lutein cysts (bilateral ovaries)

Risk Factors

Advanced maternal age (>40)
Very young maternal age (<20)
Previous molar pregnancy history
Vitamin A and carotene deficiency
Asian and Latin American geography
Previous spontaneous miscarriage history

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Vaginal bleeding in the first trimester
  • In severe hyperemesis gravidarum
  • On a 'snowstorm' appearance on ultrasound
  • At excessively high hCG levels
  • Urgent gynecologist consultation when molar pregnancy is suspected

Treatment Methods

01
Evacuation by suction curettage
02
Anti-D immunoglobulin in Rh-negative patients
03
Beta-hCG follow-up: weekly until negative, then monthly for 6 months
04
Effective contraception during follow-up (OCP)
05
Chemotherapy (methotrexate) if gestational trophoblastic neoplasia develops
06
Planning of new pregnancy after follow-up

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.