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Menopausal Hormone Therapy

Estrogen-progestogen therapy in menopausal symptoms and osteoporosis protection; the risk-benefit balance must be carefully evaluated.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department. Book Appointment →

What is Menopausal Hormone Therapy?

Menopausal hormone therapy is treatment containing estrogen, and progestogen in women with a uterus, in the menopausal transition period and early postmenopause. It is the most effective approach for vasomotor symptoms and also provides benefit in conditions such as GSM and osteoporosis.

MHT types include oral estrogen, transdermal estrogen (patch, gel, spray), intravaginal estrogen, combined estrogen-progestogen, and tibolone. Transdermal route keeps the risk of thromboembolic events lower than oral therapy.

The general principle is individualized application with 'lowest effective dose, shortest duration.' Contraindications include breast cancer, estrogen-dependent tumors, active thromboembolic events, severe liver disease, and unexplained vaginal bleeding.

Symptoms

Hot flashes and night sweats
Vaginal dryness and dyspareunia
Sleep disturbances
Mood changes
Decreased sexual desire
Joint and muscle pain
Risk of osteoporosis

Risk Factors

Early menopause (<45 years)
Risk of osteoporosis
Severe vasomotor symptoms
Aromatase inhibitor use (contraindication)
History of breast cancer (contraindication)
History of thromboembolic disease

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • When menopausal symptoms affect quality of life
  • In the diagnosis of early menopause
  • When protective treatment against osteoporosis risk is needed
  • When investigating for hormone therapy contraindications
  • When side effects or bleeding develop while on MHT

Treatment Methods

01
Oral estrogen and progestogen
02
Transdermal estrogen (patch, gel, spray) + progestogen
03
Intravaginal estrogen (only for local symptoms)
04
Tibolone (synthetic steroid)
05
Lowest effective dose and individualized duration
06
Annual mammography, gynecologic examination, and contraindication monitoring

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.