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Massive Hemoptysis

Coughing up large amounts of blood poses a vital threat to airway safety.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Acil Servis department. Book Appointment →

What is Massive Hemoptysis?

Massive hemoptysis is defined as expectoration of 100-600 ml or more of blood within 24 hours. The main danger is not blood loss but airway obstruction by blood and asphyxiation.

The most common causes are bronchiectasis, tuberculosis, lung cancer, aspergilloma, and vasculitis. In Turkey, tuberculosis remains an important cause.

Approach includes positioning the bleeding side down (lateral decubitus), airway protection, bronchoscopy, bronchial artery embolization, and surgery if needed.

Symptoms

Coughing up bright red blood from the mouth
Shortness of breath and cough
Pounding sensation in the chest
Weakness, sweating
Tachycardia and hypotension
Altered consciousness (asphyxia)

Risk Factors

Bronchiectasis and chronic lung diseases
Lung tuberculosis and its sequelae
Lung cancer
Aspergilloma and fungal infections
Vasculitis (Wegener's, Goodpasture)
Anticoagulant use

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Call 112 immediately for coughing up large amounts of blood
  • If the bleeding side is known, the patient should be laid on that side
  • Airway obstruction due to clotting can develop rapidly
  • Emergency presentation is essential for patients with known lung disease

Treatment Methods

01
Airway safety and intubation if needed
02
Lay the bleeding lung down
03
Monitoring and fluid/blood replacement
04
Emergency bronchoscopy (diagnostic and therapeutic)
05
Bronchial artery embolization
06
Surgical resection (in selected cases)

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Acil Servis department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.