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Hypertensive Emergency (Target Organ Damage)

Hypertensive emergency with target organ damage requires controlled blood pressure reduction within hours.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Acil Servis department. Book Appointment →

What is Hypertensive Emergency (Target Organ Damage)?

Hypertensive emergency is the situation where blood pressure (typically systolic >180 mmHg and/or diastolic >120 mmHg) is associated with target organ damage (brain, heart, kidney, retina).

Hypertensive urgency refers to the same blood pressure level without organ damage and can be managed with gradual oral therapy.

In hypertensive emergency, the goal is to lower the mean arterial pressure by 10-20% in the first hour using IV agents in a controlled manner. Excessively rapid lowering may cause ischemia.

Symptoms

Severe headache and blurred vision
Chest pain, shortness of breath (pulmonary edema)
Neurological findings (stroke)
Nausea, vomiting
Signs of kidney failure
Papilledema on fundus examination

Risk Factors

Untreated or uncontrolled hypertension
Medication non-adherence
Aortic dissection, pheochromocytoma
Pregnancy and preeclampsia
Drug use (cocaine, amphetamines)
Acute renal failure

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Call emergency services if blood pressure is very high with headache or visual disturbance
  • Chest pain, shortness of breath or speech disturbance is a medical emergency
  • High blood pressure in pregnancy may indicate preeclampsia
  • Discontinuing medication on one's own is dangerous

Treatment Methods

01
IV agent selection (nitroprusside, labetalol, nicardipine)
02
Gradual lowering of blood pressure (10-20% in the first hour)
03
Intensive care monitoring
04
Target organ assessment (ECG, imaging)
05
Investigation of the underlying cause
06
Long-term hypertension management after discharge

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Acil Servis department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Acil Servis Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.