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HELLP Syndrome

A severe complication of pre-eclampsia featuring haemolysis, raised liver enzymes and low platelets.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department. Book Appointment →

What is HELLP Syndrome?

HELLP is an acronym formed from Haemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes and Low Platelet count. It develops in 10–20% of pregnant women with pre-eclampsia.

Maternal mortality is 1–3% and perinatal mortality is 7–20%. Complications include hepatic haematoma or rupture, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), acute kidney injury and pulmonary oedema.

Definitive treatment of HELLP is delivery. In mildly preterm cases, brief stabilisation and corticosteroids precede planned delivery; if the clinical picture deteriorates, delivery proceeds without delay.

Symptoms

Right upper quadrant or epigastric pain
Nausea and vomiting
Headache and visual disturbance
Malaise and a generally unwell feeling
Hypertension (which may not always be present)
Bleeding tendency in the setting of DIC

Risk Factors

Pre-eclampsia or eclampsia
Multiparity
Advanced maternal age
Previous HELLP
Thrombophilia
Multiple pregnancy

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Immediately when right upper abdominal pain begins together with nausea and vomiting
  • To the emergency department if severe headache or visual disturbance occurs in pregnancy
  • When laboratory results worsen in a pregnant woman with known pre-eclampsia

Treatment Methods

01
Hospital admission with intensive-care-level monitoring
02
Blood pressure control with IV labetalol or hydralazine
03
Magnesium sulphate for seizure prophylaxis
04
Platelet transfusion for thrombocytopenia (<50,000 before surgery)
05
Corticosteroids for fetal lung maturity at ≤34 weeks
06
Delivery — the most effective and definitive treatment; vaginal route preferred when possible

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.