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Hallux Valgus (Bunion)

Inward protrusion of the metatarsal head with outward deviation of the big toe.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Hallux Valgus (Bunion)?

Hallux valgus is the medial (inward) deviation of the first metatarsal bone and the outward direction of the big toe, forming a bone prominence (bunion) at the metatarsophalangeal joint level. Over time, the big toe can slide under or over the second toe.

It is much more common in women than in men; narrow-toed and high-heeled shoes accelerate the deformity. It is also associated with genetic predisposition and pes planus.

Bursa formation over the bunion area, metatarsalgia, hammer toe deformity of the second toe, and arthritis are common complications.

Symptoms

Bone prominence and swelling at the first metatarsal head
Redness and painful bursitis over the prominence
Friction and pain when wearing shoes
Pain in the forefoot metatarsal region with walking (metatarsalgia)
Hammer toe deformity in the second toe
Restriction in big toe movements

Risk Factors

Female sex
Narrow-toed and high-heeled shoes
Genetic predisposition and family history
Flat foot (pes planus)
Rheumatoid arthritis
Hypermobility syndrome

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • If pain is preventing daily walking
  • If there is an open wound or infection over the bunion
  • If the second toe also shows deformity
  • If conservative methods are not working
  • In diabetic patients for any foot problem

Treatment Methods

01
Wide and appropriate shoe selection
02
Orthopedic insole and big toe separator
03
Cold application and anti-inflammatory drugs for bursitis
04
Osteotomy (cutting and aligning the bone) and soft tissue balance surgery
05
Lapidus procedure (metatarsal tarsometatarsal fusion in severe cases)
06
Postoperative special shoes and rehabilitation

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.