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Drowning

Drowning develops silently and rapidly; permanent brain damage and death can occur within minutes.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Acil Servis department. Book Appointment →

What is Drowning?

Drowning is a hypoxia-induced emergency caused by impaired respiration when the mouth and nose are covered with fluid. Even before complete drowning, 'fatal drowning shock' can develop, and rapid intervention saves lives.

WHO data indicate that about 235,000 people die annually from drowning, with the highest risk in children and young men. In Türkiye, drownings are particularly common in the sea and indoor pools during summer months.

During rescue, the rescuer's safety takes priority. Rapidly initiating CPR for an unconscious victim and giving rescue breaths within the first 5 minutes dramatically improve survival.

Symptoms

Loss of consciousness after exiting the water
Respiratory failure or cessation of breathing
Cyanosis of lips and fingertips
Cough and frothy sputum
Hypothermia and shivering
Aspiration pneumonia signs (late stage)
Weak pulse or cardiac arrest

Risk Factors

Inability to swim
Unsupervised water exposure of children
Swimming and driving under the influence of alcohol
Swimming in waters with currents
Bathing alone in patients with epilepsy
Unsupervised pools and water bodies

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • All persons retrieved from water should be brought to the hospital (dry-drowning risk)
  • Call 112 immediately if loss of consciousness, cough, or shortness of breath
  • Children who swallow water should be observed at least 6 hours
  • Rewarming for hypothermia should be performed in a clinical setting

Treatment Methods

01
Remove the victim from water while protecting rescuer safety
02
Check consciousness, breathing, and pulse
03
Begin CPR and rescue breathing immediately if needed
04
Heat preservation; remove wet clothing
05
Oxygen support and airway management
06
Pulmonary and neurological monitoring in the ER

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Acil Servis department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.