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Cystocele and Rectocele

Common forms of pelvic organ prolapse cause bulging in the anterior and posterior vaginal walls.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department. Book Appointment →

What is Cystocele and Rectocele?

Cystocele is the bulging of the bladder toward the anterior vaginal wall due to weakening of the pubovesical and pubocervical fascia that support the bladder base. Rectocele is the herniation of the rectum toward the posterior vaginal wall due to a defect in the rectovaginal fascia.

Both are part of the pelvic organ prolapse spectrum. Age, birth trauma, chronic increased intra-abdominal pressure, and congenital collagen differences are the most important factors.

Grading is performed according to the POP-Q system. Mild cases are managed with pelvic floor exercises and vaginal pessary, while in advanced stages surgical repair, vaginal route, or sacrocolpopexy is preferred.

Symptoms

Sensation of fullness and pressure in the vagina
Difficulty urinating or incontinence
Stress incontinence in cystocele
Impaired sense of complete emptying in rectocele
Visible vaginal bulging
Discomfort during sexual intercourse

Risk Factors

Multiple deliveries and giving birth to large babies
Advanced age and menopause
Chronic cough and constipation
Obesity
Heavy lifting work
History of hysterectomy

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • When there is a sensation of bulging or pressure in the vagina
  • When the sense of complete emptying is absent after the toilet
  • When urinary incontinence or frequent urination is added
  • When discomfort develops during sexual intercourse
  • When pelvic floor exercises do not help

Treatment Methods

01
Staging with POP-Q
02
Pelvic floor muscle exercises (Kegel)
03
Vaginal pessary application
04
Local estrogen therapy
05
Vaginal route anterior/posterior colporrhaphy
06
Assisted surgical methods and sacrocolpopexy

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Department

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You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.