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Complement Deficiencies in Children

Recurrent infections and autoimmune disease arising from complement system defects.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları department. Book Appointment →

What is Complement Deficiencies in Children?

Complement deficiencies are inborn errors involving proteins of the innate immune system, predisposing to recurrent bacterial infections and autoimmune disease.

Terminal complement (C5 to C9) deficiencies cause recurrent meningococcal infections. Early complement defects (C1q, C2, C4) are linked to lupus-like autoimmune syndromes, and C3 deficiency is among the most severe forms.

Symptoms

Recurrent serious bacterial infections
Recurrent meningococcal meningitis or sepsis
Lupus-like autoimmune findings
Recurrent sinusitis and pneumonia
Angioedema in C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency

Risk Factors

Consanguinity
Family history of complement deficiency
Recurrent Neisseria infections
Early-onset systemic lupus erythematosus

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Two or more serious bacterial infections — meningitis or sepsis
  • Recurrent meningococcal disease
  • Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus
  • Family history of complement deficiency requiring screening

Treatment Methods

01
Meningococcal vaccination — ACWY plus B for full serogroup coverage
02
Antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with recurrent infections
03
Immunosuppressive therapy for lupus-like presentations
04
C1 esterase inhibitor concentrate for hereditary angioedema
05
Family screening and genetic counseling
06
Early aggressive antibiotic therapy during infectious episodes

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.