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Cauda Equina Syndrome

Neurological emergency caused by compression of the lumbosacral nerve roots.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Cauda Equina Syndrome?

Cauda equina syndrome is a neurological emergency caused by compression of the lumbosacral nerve roots that travel within the spinal canal below L1 and resemble a horse's tail (hence 'cauda equina').

The most common cause is a large midline lumbar disc herniation. Spinal tumors, trauma, epidural abscess, epidural hematoma, vertebral fracture, and spinal stenosis can also cause it.

Once diagnosed, surgical decompression (laminectomy, discectomy) should ideally be performed within 24-48 hours. Delays lead to permanent neurological deficits.

Symptoms

Severe low-back and leg pain
Bilateral leg weakness
Saddle anesthesia (perineum, buttocks)
Urinary retention or incontinence
Loss of bowel control
Sexual dysfunction
Loss of Achilles and patellar reflexes

Risk Factors

Large midline lumbar disc herniation
Spinal stenosis
Vertebral trauma
Spinal tumors
Epidural abscess
Epidural hematoma
Spinal anesthesia complication

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Low-back pain with inability to urinate (urgent)
  • Bilateral leg weakness
  • Numbness in the perineal area
  • Loss of bowel control
  • New-onset sexual dysfunction

Treatment Methods

01
Urgent MRI for diagnosis
02
Emergency surgical decompression (within 24-48 hours)
03
Laminectomy and discectomy
04
High-dose steroids (in selected cases)
05
Bladder catheterization
06
Long-term rehabilitation

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.