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Bee Sting Allergy

Allergic reaction following a bee or wasp sting may progress to anaphylaxis and is a life-threatening emergency.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Acil Servis department. Book Appointment →

What is Bee Sting Allergy?

Hymenoptera venom (bees, wasps, hornets) contains several allergens that can trigger IgE-mediated reactions. After a first sensitisation, repeated stings produce reactions that may range from local swelling to systemic anaphylaxis.

Locally extending reactions are seen in 5-10% of stings; systemic reactions occur in 1-5% of adults. Anaphylaxis develops within minutes to two hours and is fatal in untreated cases.

Adrenaline (epinephrine) is the most important life-saving treatment. Long-term venom immunotherapy can reduce the recurrence of anaphylaxis by 80-95%.

Symptoms

Pain, redness and swelling at the sting site
Generalised urticaria and angio-oedema
Bronchospasm, wheezing and shortness of breath
Hypotension, tachycardia and dizziness
Nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain
Loss of consciousness and shock

Risk Factors

Previous systemic reaction to a sting
Beekeeping or outdoor occupation
Atopic disease (asthma, eczema)
Multiple stings at one time
Mastocytosis or elevated baseline tryptase
Use of beta-blockers or ACE inhibitors

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Any sign of generalised urticaria, breathing difficulty or hypotension
  • Multiple stings or a sting in the mouth or throat
  • Persistent or unusual local reaction
  • Severe reaction in a child

Treatment Methods

01
Remove the stinger, clean the area, apply ice and elevate the limb
02
Intramuscular adrenaline 0.3-0.5 mg in the lateral thigh for anaphylaxis
03
Antihistamines and corticosteroids for systemic reactions
04
Bronchodilators for bronchospasm
05
Adrenaline auto-injector prescription and education
06
Venom immunotherapy in confirmed allergy

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Acil Servis department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.