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Ankle Sprain

A common sports and everyday-life injury at any age in which the lateral ligaments are most often damaged.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Ankle Sprain?

An ankle sprain is a ligament injury that most commonly affects the lateral ligament complex (ATFL, CFL, PTFL) and is caused by an inversion mechanism. It accounts for approximately 25% of all sports injuries.

It is graded into three: Grade I (microtear, minimal swelling), Grade II (partial tear, moderate swelling-bruising), Grade III (complete tear, marked instability). Ottawa criteria are used to rule out a fracture.

About 20-40% of inadequately rehabilitated sprains progress to chronic ankle instability. For this reason, rehabilitation and proprioception exercises are critical.

Symptoms

Sudden pain on the lateral ankle
Swelling and bruising
Difficulty bearing weight
Tenderness over the lateral ligament
Limping when walking
Positive drawer test in Grade III (instability)

Risk Factors

Previous ankle sprain
High-heeled or unsuitable footwear
Hard or uneven surfaces
Weak peroneal muscle strength
Reduced proprioception
Jumping sports such as basketball, volleyball

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • If there is bone tenderness or suspicion of a fracture (Ottawa criteria)
  • Inability to bear weight and severe swelling
  • Suspicion of Grade III instability
  • For chronic instability and recurrent sprains

Treatment Methods

01
Acute: PRICE protocol, weight-bearing restriction
02
Functional treatment: early mobilization and ankle brace
03
Physical therapy: balance and proprioception exercises
04
Peroneal muscle strengthening
05
Grade III: brace or taping, rarely surgery
06
Chronic instability: Brostrom ligament repair

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.