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Anemia in Pregnancy

A common condition caused by low hemoglobin during pregnancy.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department. Book Appointment →

What is Anemia in Pregnancy?

During pregnancy, plasma volume increases by 50% while red cell mass increases by only 25%, leading to physiologic dilutional anemia. Hemoglobin <11 g/dL in the first and third trimesters and <10.5 g/dL in the second trimester is defined as anemia.

The most common cause is iron deficiency anemia (50-75%); other causes include folate, vitamin B12 deficiency, hemoglobinopathies (thalassemia, sickle cell), chronic disease, and bone marrow disorders.

Severe anemia (<7 g/dL) increases the risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, perinatal mortality, and postpartum hemorrhage. Treatment is oral iron, intravenous iron, or transfusion.

Symptoms

Fatigue and easy tiredness
Pallor of skin and mucous membranes
Shortness of breath, palpitations
Headache and dizziness
Pica (craving non-food items)
Brittle hair and nails
Tachycardia and a flow murmur

Risk Factors

Multiparity (>3 pregnancies)
Short interpregnancy interval
Insufficient iron diet
Multiple pregnancy (twin/triplet)
Adolescent pregnancy
Chronic blood loss
Vegan/vegetarian diet

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Persistent fatigue
  • Marked pallor
  • Palpitations and shortness of breath
  • Pica behaviors
  • Routine prenatal screening with low hemoglobin

Treatment Methods

01
Routine CBC at first prenatal visit and at 28 weeks
02
Oral iron supplementation (60-120 mg/day)
03
Vitamin C support
04
Intravenous iron for severe deficiency
05
Folic acid and B12 replacement
06
Postpartum recheck of hemoglobin
07
Transfusion in severe symptomatic anemia

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.