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Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Lateral curvature of the spine of unknown cause arising during adolescence and treatment strategies.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis?

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a curvature of the spine in the coronal plane with a Cobb angle greater than 10 degrees, of unknown cause, arising between ages 10 and 18. It is a three-dimensional deformity with a rotational component as well.

It is 7-8 times more common in girls than boys and shows more severe progression. It affects approximately 2-3% of the population. The curve can progress rapidly during periods of high growth velocity.

As a general principle, observation is appropriate for Cobb angles below 25°, bracing for 25-45°, and surgical evaluation above 45°. School screening programs are important for early detection.

Symptoms

A height difference between shoulders or hips
Rib hump (a rib prominence that becomes obvious on forward bending)
Asymmetry of the waistline
Visual postural disturbance
Pain is usually absent (pain is uncommon in AIS)
Reduced respiratory capacity in advanced cases

Risk Factors

Female sex
Family history
Growth spurt period
Low bone density
Premenarchal period

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • When shoulder or hip asymmetry is noticed in a child
  • When scoliosis is detected on school screening
  • If back pain accompanies (atypical; rule out other pathology)
  • Six-monthly follow-up is required during the growth period

Treatment Methods

01
Cobb < 25°: observation and 6-monthly radiographic follow-up
02
Cobb 25-45°: brace treatment (Rigo-Chêneau, Boston braces)
03
Scoliosis-specific exercises (PSSE: Schroth method)
04
Cobb > 45°: spinal fusion surgery
05
Surgery: posterior spinal instrumentation and fusion
06
Psychosocial support and quality-of-life monitoring

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.