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Tourette Syndrome

A neurodevelopmental disorder of childhood involving motor and vocal tics.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Nöroloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Tourette Syndrome?

Tourette syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder that begins in childhood (usually between 5 and 10 years), in which multiple motor tics and at least one vocal tic persist for more than a year. It is 3–4 times more common in boys than in girls.

Tics are involuntary, sudden, repetitive and stereotyped movements or sounds. Eye blinking, neck stretching, throat clearing and grunting are common examples. The condition is often accompanied by ADHD or OCD.

Tics are usually most severe in adolescence and may improve in adulthood. Many people can briefly suppress their tics; this is associated with a 'premonitory urge' that precedes the tic.

Symptoms

Simple motor tics such as eye blinking and facial grimacing
Complex motor tics (jumping, touching)
Vocal tics such as throat clearing and grunting
Rarely, uttering inappropriate words (coprolalia)
A sense of restlessness preceding the tic
Coexisting attention and obsessive problems with ADHD or OCD

Risk Factors

Male sex
A family history of tic disorder or OCD
Prenatal stress or maternal smoking
Group A streptococcal infection (PANDAS link under investigation)
Prematurity and low birth weight

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • When tics impair school performance or social relationships
  • When several different types of tic occur together
  • When tics cause pain or injury
  • When OCD or ADHD symptoms are also present

Treatment Methods

01
Comprehensive behavioural intervention for tics (CBIT)
02
Psychotherapy and support may suffice in mild cases
03
Alpha-2 agonists such as clonidine or guanfacine when needed
04
Low-dose antipsychotics in severe cases
05
Additional treatment for accompanying ADHD or OCD

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Nöroloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.