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Headache and Migraine

Causes, symptoms, and treatment methods of migraine and tension-type headaches.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Nöroloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Headache and Migraine?

Headache is one of the most common complaints in the community. There are different types: tension-type headache, migraine, and cluster headache. Most headaches are not signs of a serious disease; however, in some cases they may require medical evaluation.

Migraine is usually a moderate-to-severe headache felt as throbbing on one side of the head. Attacks can last from hours to days; they may be accompanied by symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and hypersensitivity to light and sound. In some patients, visual or sensory symptoms (aura) occur before the pain.

Some headaches are caused by lifestyle-related factors such as stress, sleep irregularity, poor nutrition, or prolonged screen time. In recurrent or severe headaches, it is important to consult a neurologist.

Symptoms

Throbbing or pressing pain on one or both sides of the head
Nausea and vomiting sensation
Hypersensitivity to light, sound, and smell
Visual disturbances (flashing spots, zigzag lines in aura)
Tension in the neck and shoulder area
Fatigue and difficulty concentrating
Worsening of pain with physical activity

Risk Factors

Family history of migraine
Female sex (migraine is 3 times more common in women)
Hormonal changes (menstrual period, pregnancy, menopause)
Stress and sleep irregularity
Irregular eating or skipping meals
Excessive caffeine consumption or sudden withdrawal
Prolonged screen time

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Suddenly started, the worst headache you have ever felt in your life
  • Headache accompanied by fever, neck stiffness, and vomiting
  • If the headache is accompanied by weakness in the arm or leg
  • If there are neurological symptoms such as difficulty speaking or vision loss
  • If the frequency or severity of headaches is gradually increasing
  • If painkillers are no longer effective

Treatment Methods

01
Lifestyle changes: regular sleep, stress management, regular nutrition
02
Painkillers or triptans recommended by your physician for acute attack treatment
03
Migraine-preventive treatments (medications started by a physician in case of frequent attacks)
04
Identifying and avoiding triggering factors
05
Physical therapy and neck exercises (for tension-type headache)
06
Cognitive behavioral therapy and relaxation techniques

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Nöroloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.