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Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia

Memory loss, types of dementia, and a care guide for patients and their families.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Nöroloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia?

Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia and accounts for about 60-70% of all dementia cases. As a result of accumulation of amyloid plaques and tau protein tangles in the brain, connections between nerve cells are disrupted, and cells are damaged.

Dementia describes a group of symptoms that adversely affect memory, language, decision-making, and daily life skills. It is not simply part of normal aging; it is a sign of brain disease. Besides Alzheimer's, vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia are other important types.

The disease progresses slowly; it begins with mild forgetfulness in the early stage, and daily independent life is seriously restricted in the middle and advanced stages. Early diagnosis is of great importance for managing symptoms and preserving quality of life for as long as possible.

Symptoms

Forgetting recently experienced events and repeating the same questions
Difficulty completing daily tasks
Confusing time, place, and people
Difficulty finding words in speech
Impairment in judgment and decision-making
Personality and behavioral changes, withdrawal
Getting lost in familiar places

Risk Factors

Advanced age (risk doubles every 5 years after age 65)
Family history of Alzheimer's or dementia
Carrying the APOE-ε4 gene variant
Cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol)
Low educational level and lack of mental activity
Depression and social isolation
History of head trauma

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • When a significant decline in recent memory is noticed
  • If the person gets lost in familiar environments
  • If daily tasks (paying bills, cooking) can no longer be done
  • If there are marked changes in personality and behavior
  • If family members observe significant forgetfulness in the patient

Treatment Methods

01
Cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine (symptom-relieving drugs)
02
Cognitive rehabilitation and memory exercises
03
Psychiatric support and medication management for behavioral symptoms
04
Physical activity programs (may slow disease progression)
05
Family and caregiver education, social support programs
06
Safe living environment arrangements and care planning

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Nöroloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.