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Tooth Luxation

Traumatic injury causing tooth displacement within the alveolus due to disrupted periodontal ligament.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı department. Book Appointment →

What is Tooth Luxation?

Tooth luxation injuries are traumatic dental injuries causing tooth displacement within or out of the alveolar socket due to damage to the periodontal ligament (PDL) and supporting tissues. They are categorized by the IADT (International Association of Dental Traumatology) into concussion, subluxation, lateral luxation, intrusive luxation and extrusive luxation, plus avulsion (complete displacement).

Concussion involves PDL injury without displacement; subluxation has loosening without displacement. Lateral luxation displaces the tooth in any direction except axial. Intrusive luxation pushes the tooth into the socket (apical displacement). Extrusive luxation displaces the tooth outward. Common in pediatric patients (especially primary teeth) and contact sports. Prompt assessment and proper repositioning with splinting are critical for pulp survival and PDL healing.

Symptoms

Tooth pain after trauma
Visible displacement of tooth from normal position
Tooth feels loose (subluxation)
Tooth pushed into gum (intrusion)
Tooth elongated and displaced outward (extrusion)
Bleeding from gum margins
Pain on biting or chewing
Tooth color change (gray, dark) - delayed
Swelling and bruising of adjacent gum

Risk Factors

Sports injuries (especially contact sports)
Falls and accidents
Pediatric age (primary teeth in toddlers)
Inadequate mouthguard use
Class II malocclusion (protruding upper incisors)
Bicycle and skateboarding without helmet
Motor vehicle accidents
Domestic violence
Seizure disorders

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Any tooth displacement after trauma (urgent)
  • Loose tooth after injury
  • Pain in tooth after trauma
  • Tooth pushed into gum after injury
  • Bleeding around tooth
  • Tooth color changes after injury
  • Difficulty closing teeth together

Treatment Methods

01
Clinical examination of all teeth and supporting structures
02
Periapical and panoramic radiographs
03
CBCT for complex cases or root fracture suspicion
04
Concussion: monitoring, soft diet, careful oral hygiene
05
Subluxation: flexible splint 2 weeks, soft diet
06
Lateral luxation: reposition under local anesthesia, flexible splint 4 weeks
07
Extrusive luxation: gentle reposition, flexible splint 2 weeks
08
Intrusive luxation: spontaneous re-eruption (immature teeth) or orthodontic/surgical repositioning
09
Endodontic treatment for mature teeth with luxation (start 7-10 days)
10
Pulp testing at 4, 8 weeks, 6 months, 1 year
11
Antibiotics if open soft tissue wounds
12
Tetanus prophylaxis if soil contamination
13
Avoid contact sports during healing

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.