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Bad Breath (Halitosis)

A chronically unpleasant odour coming from the mouth.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı department. Book Appointment →

What is Bad Breath (Halitosis)?

Around 85–90% of bad breath cases originate in the mouth: bacterial plaque on the back of the tongue, gum disease and dental caries are the most common causes. Volatile sulphur compounds (VSCs) are the chemical basis of the smell.

Non-oral causes include sinusitis, tonsil stones, gastro-oesophageal reflux and liver or kidney failure. Morning breath is physiological and usually improves with tongue cleaning.

Chronic dry mouth reduces the buffering and antimicrobial effect of saliva and predisposes to halitosis.

Symptoms

Bad breath noticed by people around you
An unpleasant taste in the mouth
A yellow-white plaque on the back of the tongue
Odour that worsens in the morning and persists during the day
White stone-like deposits in the tonsils
Accompanying dry mouth

Risk Factors

Inadequate brushing and tongue cleaning
Gum disease and tooth decay
Dry mouth
Smoking
Strongly flavoured foods such as onion and garlic
Low-carbohydrate (ketogenic) diets

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • If brushing and mouthwash do not help
  • If there is bleeding or swelling of the gums
  • If dry mouth has become chronic
  • If the smell is also coming from the nose
  • If general health is deteriorating (suspicion of a systemic cause)

Treatment Methods

01
Comprehensive instruction on tooth and tongue cleaning
02
Treatment of gum disease and dental caries
03
Antibacterial mouth rinses (chlorhexidine)
04
Artificial saliva and sialogogue therapy for dry mouth
05
Treatment of underlying sinusitis or reflux

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı Department

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You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.