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Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

A painful condition resulting from compression of nerves and vessels in the neck-shoulder region.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Nöroloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Thoracic Outlet Syndrome?

Thoracic outlet syndrome is a heterogeneous condition that develops as a result of compression of structures such as the brachial plexus, subclavian artery and vein in the narrow anatomical space between the lower neck and the clavicle. There are neurogenic, arterial and venous types.

The neurogenic type is the most common; it presents with pain, numbness and weakness in the arm and hand. Vascular types may cause arm swelling, coldness, colour changes and pulse differences.

Postural disorders, anatomical variations such as a cervical rib and repetitive arm movements are leading triggers. Diagnosis is made by clinical evaluation, imaging and vascular studies.

Symptoms

Pain in the arm, shoulder and neck
Numbness and tingling in the hand and fingers
Increase of symptoms when raising the arm
Loss of strength and grip weakness in the hand
Coldness, pallor or cyanosis of the arm (in vascular type)
Arm swelling (in venous type)
Tightness and tenderness in the shoulder-neck region

Risk Factors

Postural disorders (drooping shoulders, forward head)
Anatomical variations such as cervical rib
Repetitive overhead arm movements (swimmer, painter)
Neck and shoulder trauma
Habit of carrying heavy loads
Obesity
Muscular structural tightness

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • If pain-numbness becomes prominent when raising the arm
  • If hand weakness and loss of dexterity have started
  • If swelling, coldness or colour change in the arm is present
  • If complaints limit daily activities
  • If neck and shoulder pain radiates to the arms

Treatment Methods

01
Postural correction exercises
02
Physiotherapy and manual therapy
03
Pain treatment and muscle relaxants
04
Postural ergonomic regulation
05
Botulinum toxin (in selected cases)
06
Anticoagulants (in venous type)
07
Surgical decompression (in resistant cases)
08
Long-term multidisciplinary follow-up

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Nöroloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.