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Phantom Pain Management

Treatment of perceived pain in a missing limb after amputation.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Fizik Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon department. Book Appointment →

What is Phantom Pain Management?

Phantom pain is pain felt in a limb that no longer exists after amputation. It occurs in 60-80% of amputees and has a neuropathic character. It must be distinguished from phantom sensation (a non-painful awareness of the missing limb) and from residual-limb (stump) pain.

Its pathophysiology involves peripheral (neuroma), spinal (sensitisation) and supraspinal (cortical reorganisation) mechanisms. Patients usually describe burning, electric-shock, stabbing or cramping pain.

Treatment is multidisciplinary, combining pharmacological, non-pharmacological (physical, psychological) and interventional approaches. Mirror therapy, which targets cortical reorganisation, is an effective option.

Symptoms

Burning or electric-shock sensation in the missing limb
Cramping and stabbing sensations
Sense of phantom position
Phantom movements
Sleep disturbance accompanying the pain
Impact on daily activities

Risk Factors

Preoperative pain
Traumatic amputation
Inadequate postoperative analgesia
Proximal amputation
Female sex
Psychological factors (depression, PTSD)

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • When pain after amputation is unbearable
  • When phantom pain disrupts sleep
  • In treatment-resistant neuropathic pain
  • When pain limits daily activities
  • If suicidal thoughts emerge

Treatment Methods

01
Gabapentin or pregabalin (first line)
02
Tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline
03
SNRIs such as duloxetine
04
Mirror therapy
05
TENS
06
Acupuncture and mindfulness
07
Surgical excision of a neuroma
08
Multidisciplinary pain clinic approach

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Fizik Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Fizik Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.