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Orthodontics

Specialized field of dentistry correcting malocclusion and improving facial esthetics through tooth movement using fixed or removable appliances.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı department. Book Appointment →

What is Orthodontics?

Orthodontics applies controlled biomechanical forces to teeth, transmitting through the periodontal ligament to remodel alveolar bone, enabling tooth movement. Treatment indications include crowding, spacing, crossbite, openbite, deep bite, overjet, midline discrepancy and skeletal Class II/III malocclusion. The Angle classification (Class I, II, III) describes molar relationship, while comprehensive diagnosis uses cephalometric analysis, dental casts and digital scanning.

Treatment modalities include fixed appliances (traditional metal/ceramic braces with self-ligating systems), removable aligners (Invisalign, ClearCorrect, SureSmile, Spark) using 20-50 sequential trays each worn 1-2 weeks, lingual braces (Incognito, brackets on tongue side), functional appliances (Twin Block, Herbst for growth modification in adolescents) and orthopedic devices (rapid palatal expansion, headgear, reverse pull facemask).

Treatment duration ranges from 6-30 months depending on case complexity. Adjunctive treatments include temporary anchorage devices (mini-screws), enamel reduction (interproximal reduction), tooth extraction, and orthognathic surgery for skeletal discrepancies. Retention is critical post-treatment with fixed lingual retainers and removable Hawley/Essix retainers worn lifelong. Adult orthodontics is increasingly common with esthetic options. Risks include root resorption, white spot lesions, gingival recession and TMJ changes.

Symptoms

Treatment, not a disease — clinical indications:
Crowding or spacing of teeth
Overbite, underbite or crossbite
Open bite (anterior or posterior)
Excessive overjet (protruded upper teeth)
Asymmetric jaw or midline shift
Difficulty chewing or biting
Speech problems related to malocclusion

Risk Factors

Treatment risk factors:
Poor oral hygiene (high caries and gingivitis risk)
Severe periodontal disease
Bruxism and parafunctional habits
Severe skeletal discrepancy requiring surgery
Allergy to nickel or other metals
Inadequate cooperation (especially aligners)
Smoking (delayed tooth movement)
Bisphosphonate therapy

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Childhood evaluation by age 7 (per AAO recommendation)
  • Crowding, spacing or crossbite in children
  • Adolescent or adult with cosmetic concerns
  • Difficulty chewing or speech problems
  • TMJ pain related to occlusion
  • Pre-prosthetic alignment for implants/bridges
  • Sleep apnea evaluation (oral appliance therapy)
  • Combined orthodontic-surgical planning

Treatment Methods

01
Comprehensive orthodontic evaluation and records
02
Cephalometric and dental analysis with digital planning
03
Fixed braces (metal, ceramic, or self-ligating)
04
Clear aligners (Invisalign, ClearCorrect, Spark)
05
Lingual orthodontics (hidden braces on tongue side)
06
Functional appliances for growth modification
07
Temporary anchorage devices (mini-implants)
08
Lifetime retention with fixed and removable retainers

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Diş Çürüğü

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Diş çürüğü, ağız bakterilerinin şekeri fermente ederek ürettiği asitlerin diş minesi, dentin ve pulpayı tahrip etmesiyle oluşan kronik bir hastalıktır.

Diş Eti Hastalıkları (Periodontal Hastalıklar)

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Periodontal hastalıklar, diş eti (gingivit) ve diş çevresindeki kemik ile bağ dokusunun (periodontit) bakteri kaynaklı iltihabıdır; tedavi edilmezse diş kaybına neden olur.

Impacted Tooth

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An impacted tooth — most often a wisdom tooth — has not erupted fully and remains in the jaw bone or gum. It can lead to pericoronitis, caries and cysts.

Dental Implants

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A dental implant is a titanium screw placed in the jawbone that supports a crown, bridge or denture, providing the closest possible function and aesthetics to a natural tooth.

Teeth Whitening

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Teeth whitening lightens tooth color using hydrogen peroxide or carbamide peroxide gels. In-office (professional) bleaching uses higher concentrations with light activation for faster results; home bleaching uses custom trays with lower concentrations over 1–4 weeks. Safety depends on healthy teeth, correct concentration, isolation of gums and transient sensitivity management.

Orthodontics

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Orthodontics is the dental specialty that corrects the alignment of the teeth and jaws, providing both aesthetic and functional benefits at any age, from childhood through adulthood.

Gingival Recession (Gum Recession)

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Gingival recession is the apical displacement of the gingival margin with exposure of the root surface. It may be localized or generalized and results from mechanical trauma, periodontal disease, thin biotype or anatomic factors. Recession can cause root sensitivity, caries and aesthetic concerns; management includes cause elimination and surgical root coverage when indicated.

Bad Breath (Halitosis)

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Halitosis is a chronic problem that affects a substantial part of the population. It is most often of oral origin and can interfere with social interactions.

Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.