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Oral Lichen Planus

Chronic immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory disease with reticular, atrophic and erosive forms.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı department. Book Appointment →

What is Oral Lichen Planus?

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disorder of oral mucosa characterized by T-cell mediated injury to basal keratinocytes.

Common patterns include reticular (Wickham striae), papular, plaque-like, atrophic and erosive/ulcerative forms. Lesions are usually bilateral and most often involve buccal mucosa, tongue and gingiva.

Drug- and contact-induced lichenoid reactions should be excluded. Long-term surveillance is recommended because of a small risk of squamous cell carcinoma.

Symptoms

White lacy/reticular lines on buccal mucosa
Burning sensation while eating spicy or acidic food
Painful erosions or ulcers (erosive form)
Atrophic gingivitis (desquamative gingivitis)
Tongue plaques or atrophy
Skin or genital lichen planus association

Risk Factors

Female predominance, age 30–60
Stress and anxiety
Hepatitis C in some populations
Drug triggers (NSAIDs, antihypertensives, antimalarials)
Dental restoration contact (amalgam)
Coexisting autoimmune disorders

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Painful oral erosions interfering with eating
  • Persistent white striae with new ulcer
  • Refractory desquamative gingivitis
  • Suspicion of malignant change in known OLP
  • New cutaneous lichen planus lesions

Treatment Methods

01
Topical high-potency corticosteroids (gels, ointments, mouthwash)
02
Topical calcineurin inhibitors (tacrolimus, pimecrolimus)
03
Systemic corticosteroids or steroid-sparing agents in severe cases
04
Removal of triggers and amalgam restorations if relevant
05
Oral hygiene and avoidance of irritants
06
Long-term mucosal surveillance

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.