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Insomnia

Causes, effects, and evidence-based treatment methods of chronic insomnia.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Nöroloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Insomnia?

Insomnia (insomnia disorder) is defined as difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep despite having adequate sleep opportunity, which also impairs daytime functioning. It is a common sleep disorder affecting approximately 10-30% of the population.

Insomnia can be seen in acute (short-term, due to stress or triggering event) or chronic form (at least 3 nights a week, lasting longer than 3 months). Chronic insomnia is usually sustained by psychological factors such as anxiety, depression, or fear of sleep.

Adequate sleep is vital for the immune system, metabolism, memory, and mood. Chronic insomnia increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and depression. Long-term use of sleeping pills without consulting your physician should be avoided.

Symptoms

Not being able to fall asleep for a long time after going to bed
Frequent nighttime awakenings and inability to fall back to sleep
Waking up very early in the morning
Excessive daytime fatigue and drowsiness
Difficulty concentrating and memory problems
Irritability, anger, or increased anxiety
Decrease in performance and work efficiency during the day

Risk Factors

Anxiety disorder and depression
Stressful life events
Irregular sleep-wake schedule (night shift, jet lag)
Caffeine, alcohol, and nicotine consumption
Use of smartphones and bright screens before bedtime
Chronic physical illnesses such as pain, breathing difficulty
Female sex and menopause period

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • If insomnia lasts longer than 4 weeks
  • If daytime functioning (work, social life) is seriously impaired
  • If breathing pauses or snoring accompany during sleep
  • If there is restlessness or involuntary movements in the legs
  • If self-taken sleep medications are no longer effective

Treatment Methods

01
Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I): first-line treatment
02
Sleep hygiene education and regular sleep-wake schedule
03
Stimulus control and sleep restriction techniques
04
Short-term drug therapy (only under physician supervision)
05
Treatment of underlying anxiety or depression
06
Relaxation techniques, meditation, and breathing exercises

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Nöroloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.