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Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy in Adults

Brain injury after cardiac arrest and targeted temperature management.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Nöroloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy in Adults?

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is a global brain injury that develops when oxygen and blood flow to the brain are insufficient; the most common cause is the resuscitation course following cardiac arrest.

In adults, the expected outcome depends on time to return of cardiac rhythm, arrest duration, quality of advanced life support and accompanying conditions.

Targeted temperature management (TTM) and advanced intensive care support aim to improve neurological outcomes.

Symptoms

Prolonged loss of consciousness, coma
Seizures and myoclonic jerks
Impairment of reflexes and ocular findings
Fluctuations in vital parameters
Loss of spontaneous respiration
Brain-derived fever and autonomic changes
Cognitive and motor deficits after awakening

Risk Factors

Prolonged cardiopulmonary arrest
Delayed start of CPR
Non-ventricular fibrillation rhythms
Older age and comorbidity
Post-resuscitation hemodynamic instability
Concurrent severe lung disease

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Patient who does not awaken after cardiac arrest
  • Refractory seizures in intensive care
  • Persistent cognitive and motor findings after awakening
  • Neurology consultation for prognostic discussion
  • Targeted temperature management planning
  • Organ donation and end-of-life decisions

Treatment Methods

01
High-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation and early defibrillation
02
Targeted temperature management (32-36°C) for neuroprotective cooling
03
Optimization of blood pressure, oxygenation and glucose in intensive care
04
Suppression of seizures with antiepileptics
05
Prognostic assessment with brain MR, EEG and biomarkers
06
Multidisciplinary family discussions and patient care decisions
07
Cognitive and physical rehabilitation after awakening

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Nöroloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.