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Frailty Syndrome in the Elderly

Loss of physiological reserve with aging.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Fizik Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon department. Book Appointment →

What is Frailty Syndrome in the Elderly?

Frailty is a clinical syndrome defined by Linda Fried that arises from the decline in physiological reserves with aging. The patient becomes vulnerable to stressors and prone to adverse outcomes (falls, hospitalization, death).

The Fried frailty phenotype includes five criteria: unintentional weight loss (>4.5 kg/year), exhaustion, slow gait speed, low grip strength, and low physical activity. 3+ criteria = frail; 1-2 = pre-frail; 0 = robust.

The Rockwood Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) is an alternative tool. Frailty is reversible; intensive exercise, nutritional support, and multidisciplinary interventions are effective.

Symptoms

Unintentional weight loss
Chronic fatigue
Slowing gait speed
Decreased muscle strength
Low physical activity
Recurrent falls and hospitalizations

Risk Factors

Advanced age (65+)
Chronic diseases
Polypharmacy
Social isolation
Low socioeconomic status
Cognitive impairment

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Unintentional weight loss >4.5 kg/year
  • Gait speed <0.8 m/s
  • Recurrent falls
  • Increasing dependency
  • When frailty is suspected for geriatric assessment

Treatment Methods

01
Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA)
02
Resistance and balance exercise (2-3 times per week)
03
Protein intake 1.2-1.5 g/kg/day
04
Polypharmacy review
05
Treatment of depression and social support
06
Vitamin D supplementation
07
Goal: walking pace ≥4 meters/minute
08
Multidisciplinary approach

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Fizik Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Fizik Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.