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Facial Nerve Palsy (Peripheral Facial Paralysis)

Unilateral weakness of the facial muscles caused by involvement of the seventh cranial nerve.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Nöroloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Facial Nerve Palsy (Peripheral Facial Paralysis)?

Peripheral facial nerve palsy is a unilateral facial weakness caused by involvement of the seventh cranial nerve, which supplies the facial muscles. Bell palsy is the most common idiopathic form; specific causes such as Herpes zoster, parotid tumour or skull fracture can also be responsible.

Unlike central facial palsy, the peripheral form also weakens the forehead muscles, which helps with diagnosis. Inability to fully close the eyelid (lagophthalmos) can predispose to corneal drying and injury.

Early corticosteroid therapy can speed up recovery. The majority of patients recover completely or substantially over the following months, but persistent weakness may develop when nerve damage is severe.

Symptoms

Sudden unilateral weakness or paralysis of the facial muscles
Inability to wrinkle the forehead
Failure to fully close the eyelid
Drooping at the corner of the mouth and drooling
Pain behind the ear
Difficulty speaking and eating

Risk Factors

Herpes simplex or Herpes zoster virus
Diabetes mellitus
Pregnancy
Lyme disease
Surgery or trauma close to the parotid region

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Sudden weakness in one side of the face needs urgent assessment
  • When stroke must be ruled out
  • If the eye cannot be fully closed (for corneal protection)
  • When accompanied by ear pain and a rash (suspected Ramsay Hunt)

Treatment Methods

01
Corticosteroids (effective when started within 72 hours)
02
Antiviral therapy if a viral cause is suspected
03
Eye drops and overnight taping for corneal protection
04
Facial exercises and physiotherapy
05
Electrophysiological assessment if recovery does not occur

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Nöroloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.