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Dental Trauma Crown Fracture

Crown fractures of permanent and primary teeth from sports/accident-related trauma.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı department. Book Appointment →

What is Dental Trauma Crown Fracture?

Dental crown fracture is one of the most common dental injuries; it is mostly seen in school-age children and young adults. Ellis classification distinguishes the depth and clinical importance of crown fractures.

Ellis Class I (enamel only fracture), Class II (enamel + dentin without pulp), Class III (with pulp involvement), Class IV (root included). Time, pulp involvement and patient age are determining factors in treatment strategy. The IADT (International Association of Dental Traumatology) guideline is followed.

Symptoms

Visible fracture on tooth crown
Pain (especially with cold/hot stimulus)
Pulp visibility (Class III)
Sharpness on the tooth surface (irritates the tongue/lip)
Bleeding (in pulp involvement)
Increased mobility (in root involvement)

Risk Factors

Children with class II/III malocclusion
Contact sports (boxing, hockey, basketball)
Bicycle/skateboarding (without helmet)
Mouthguard non-use
Increased overjet (>4 mm)
Children with attention deficit hyperactivity

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Acute trauma after dental fracture - <24 hour evaluation
  • Visible pulp - emergency
  • Increased mobility on tooth
  • Bleeding stopped after pain persistence
  • Aesthetic concern - delayed treatment

Treatment Methods

01
Periapical radiography + CBCT
02
Vitality test (electric pulp test, cold test)
03
Class I: edge polishing or composite resin
04
Class II: pulp protection (calcium hydroxide) + composite resin
05
Class III: <24h - direct pulp capping (Ca(OH)2/MTA)
06
Class III: 24-72h - partial pulpotomy
07
Class IV: root canal treatment + restoration or extraction
08
Tooth fragment bonding (when fragment available)
09
Long-term follow-up (every 3 months for first year, vitality)
10
Pulp necrosis development - root canal treatment

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.