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Chronic Pain Rehabilitation Program

Multidisciplinary biopsychosocial approach to chronic non-cancer pain integrating physical therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, pacing, and graded exposure.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Fizik Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon department. Book Appointment →

What is Chronic Pain Rehabilitation Program?

Chronic pain biopsychosocial model: chronic pain (>3 months) involves complex interactions between nociceptive (peripheral tissue), nociplastic (altered central nervous system processing - central sensitization), and neuropathic mechanisms. Common conditions - chronic low back pain, fibromyalgia, complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), chronic widespread pain, postsurgical pain, post-whiplash, chronic pelvic pain, neuropathic pain. Disability is shaped by - 1) biological factors (tissue, neuroplasticity, central sensitization, sleep, deconditioning); 2) psychological factors (catastrophizing, fear-avoidance, depression, anxiety, PTSD); 3) social factors (employment, family, healthcare interactions, compensation/litigation). Yellow flags (psychosocial risk factors) and red flags (serious pathology) are screened at intake.

Patient selection and program structure: indications - chronic non-cancer pain with significant functional disability after standard care, fear-avoidance behaviors, opioid dependence/misuse, multiple unsuccessful interventions, return-to-work failure. Contraindications - acute pathology requiring surgery/medical treatment, severe untreated psychiatric illness (active psychosis, severe suicidal ideation), active substance use disorder requiring detox, cognitive impairment limiting participation. Pre-program evaluation - physical examination, functional capacity evaluation, psychological assessment (BDI-II, PHQ-9, PCS, TSK, FABQ, PSEQ), pain measures (NRS, BPI, MPQ), substance use screen, medication review. Programs vary - intensive outpatient (4-6 hours/day, 3-5 days/week, 3-6 weeks, 60-150 hours total), inpatient/residential (2-4 weeks), interdisciplinary individual program.

Program components and outcomes: 1) Physical therapy - graded aerobic exercise, resistance training, flexibility, postural correction, motor control, graded exposure to feared movements; 2) Occupational therapy - activity pacing, energy conservation, ergonomics, return-to-work planning, work conditioning; 3) Psychology - CBT (cognitive restructuring, behavioral activation), ACT (acceptance, values-based action, defusion), mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), pain neuroscience education (Explain Pain), graded exposure for kinesiophobia; 4) Medical management - rational pharmacotherapy, opioid weaning protocols (taper 10% per week), sleep hygiene, comorbidity treatment; 5) Vocational - employer liaison, work hardening, accommodations; 6) Family education and involvement; 7) Group therapy and peer support. Outcomes (Cochrane reviews) - moderate effect on pain reduction (SMD 0.3-0.5), large effect on disability (SMD 0.6-0.8), depression, return-to-work (40-70%), opioid reduction, healthcare utilization. Long-term benefits maintained at 12 months in majority.

Symptoms

Chronic pain (>3 months) with functional disability
Fear-avoidance and kinesiophobia
Catastrophizing and pain-related distress
Sleep disturbance and fatigue
Depression, anxiety, and reduced self-efficacy
Loss of work, social, and recreational activities

Risk Factors

High pain catastrophizing (PCS >24)
Fear-avoidance beliefs (FABQ)
Depression and anxiety
Opioid dependence
Workers compensation and litigation
Multiple failed treatments

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Chronic pain >3 months with disability
  • Failure of standard treatment (PT, medication)
  • Fear-avoidance limiting daily activities
  • Opioid weaning support needed
  • Return-to-work failure
  • Pre-surgical optimization or post-surgical persistent pain

Treatment Methods

01
Graded exercise and exposure (3-6 weeks intensive)
02
CBT and ACT-based psychological intervention
03
Pain neuroscience education and pacing
04
Opioid weaning with multidisciplinary support
05
Activity-based occupational therapy
06
Return-to-work and vocational rehabilitation

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Fizik Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Fizik Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.