Burning Mouth Syndrome

Chronic burning sensation of the oral mucosa without identifiable lesions.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board

Last updated: June 11, 2026

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı department. Book Appointment →

What is Burning Mouth Syndrome?

Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic neuropathic pain disorder characterized by an intraoral burning sensation lasting more than 3 months without clinically apparent mucosal lesion.

It commonly involves the tongue, hard palate and lips bilaterally, often with xerostomia and dysgeusia. Pathophysiology includes small-fiber neuropathy, central sensitization and dopaminergic dysfunction.

Diagnosis is clinical and requires exclusion of secondary causes: oral candidiasis, geographic tongue, deficiency states (B12, iron, folate, zinc), Sjögren syndrome, diabetes, drug effects (ACE inhibitors, antiretrovirals) and reflux.

Symptoms

Persistent burning of tongue, palate or lips

Dry mouth feeling without measurable hyposalivation

Metallic or bitter taste

Symptoms worse at end of the day

Relief during eating in many patients

Sleep disturbance from burning

Risk Factors

Postmenopausal women

Anxiety and depression

Vitamin B12 or iron deficiency

Diabetes mellitus

Sjögren syndrome and autoimmune disorders

Antihypertensive and antidepressant medications

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

Daily burning oral pain >3 months
Failure to find oral lesions to explain symptoms
Concurrent dry mouth and taste change
Significant impact on eating, speech or sleep
New medication potentially causing symptoms

Treatment Methods

Identify and correct deficiencies (B12, iron, folate, zinc)

Optimize diabetes and reflux control

Topical clonazepam or capsaicin

Low-dose tricyclic antidepressants, gabapentinoids or duloxetine

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

Avoidance of irritants (acidic foods, alcohol, mouthwashes with alcohol)

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.