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Body Dysmorphic Disorder

A psychiatric disorder with obsessive thoughts and intense anxiety about a real or imagined defect in appearance.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Psikiyatri department. Book Appointment →

What is Body Dysmorphic Disorder?

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a psychiatric disorder in the OCD spectrum, characterized by obsessive thoughts and intense anxiety about a physical defect that others do not notice or consider important.

Concerns most often relate to the skin, nose, hair, and body symmetry. Looking in the mirror many times a day, comparison-making, social avoidance in public spaces, and seeking aesthetic interventions are characteristic behaviors.

BDD often begins in adolescence and, if untreated, severely impairs quality of life. Although individuals seek aesthetic interventions, these do not provide satisfaction; psychiatric treatment is necessary.

Symptoms

Obsessive thoughts about an imaginary or minor physical defect
Hours-long mirror checking or mirror avoidance daily
Social avoidance in public spaces
Repeated seeking of aesthetic interventions
Unnecessary camouflaging behaviors (makeup, clothing)
Severe decline in functionality and quality of life

Risk Factors

History of OCD or anxiety disorder
Onset in adolescence
Past bullying or negative feedback about appearance
Perfectionist temperament
Heavy exposure to social media

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • If thoughts about appearance occupy several hours a day
  • If social and professional life are increasingly restricted
  • If aesthetic interventions do not bring satisfaction
  • If depression or suicidal thoughts accompany the condition

Treatment Methods

01
Cognitive behavioral therapy and exposure + response prevention
02
SSRI antidepressants (may be effective at high doses)
03
Body image work
04
Psychoeducation to avoid aesthetic interventions
05
Group therapy and support programs

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Psikiyatri department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.