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Panic Attack

Causes and treatment of panic attacks with sudden intense fear and physical symptoms.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Psikiyatri department. Book Appointment →

What is Panic Attack?

A panic attack is a wave of intense fear and severe physical symptoms that begin unexpectedly and last from a few minutes to half an hour. Since it creates the feeling of 'I am going to die' or 'I will lose control' along with palpitations, shortness of breath and chest pain, patients often go to the emergency room.

Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent panic attacks and persistent worry that these attacks will recur. Avoiding more and more environments (agoraphobia) to prevent attacks seriously limits functioning.

Panic attacks are not dangerous and pass; however, medical evaluation is important as they can be confused with a heart attack. The vast majority can be successfully treated with a combination of psychotherapy and drug therapy.

Symptoms

Sudden intense fear and feeling of panic
Rapid or forceful heartbeat (palpitations)
Shortness of breath or feeling of choking
Chest pain or tightness
Sweating, trembling and numbness
Dizziness and imbalance
Feeling of unreality (derealization or depersonalization)

Risk Factors

Family history of panic disorder or anxiety
Periods of high stress
Traumatic life events
Excessive caffeine consumption
Smoking and alcohol
Existing anxiety or depression disorder

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • If panic attacks recur and certain environments are being avoided
  • Emergency evaluation is recommended at the first attack to rule out a heart attack
  • If the frequency and severity of attacks are increasing
  • If social or work life is becoming progressively limited

Treatment Methods

01
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) — the gold standard in panic disorder
02
SSRI class antidepressants (long-term treatment)
03
Learning breathing technique (diaphragmatic breathing)
04
Desensitization: gradual confrontation with feared situations
05
Short-term benzodiazepines (initial period, under physician supervision)
06
Avoiding caffeine, alcohol and stimulants

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Psikiyatri department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.