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OCD (Obsessive Compulsive Disorder)

Symptoms and treatment of OCD with recurrent obsessions and compulsions.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Psikiyatri department. Book Appointment →

What is OCD (Obsessive Compulsive Disorder)?

Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health disorder characterized by recurrent, distressing thoughts (obsessions) that come to mind against one's will and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) performed to reduce the anxiety created by these thoughts.

Fear of contamination and hand washing, checking doors/stoves, symmetry obsession and counting rituals are among the most common OCD presentations. However, OCD can present in extremely diverse ways. Rituals provide temporary relief; they do not permanently reduce obsessions.

OCD is not weakness of will or a personality trait; it is a medical disorder requiring treatment. With exposure and response prevention (ERP) therapy and medication, symptoms can be significantly reduced.

Symptoms

Involuntary, distressing, recurrent thoughts (obsessions)
Recurrent rituals or behaviors to relieve anxiety (compulsions)
Rituals take more than 1 hour per day
Inability to stop compulsions even though their irrationality is recognized
Impairment of daily life, work and relationships
Avoidance behaviors (staying away from triggering situations)

Risk Factors

Family history of OCD or tic disorder
Childhood trauma and abuse
High stress and life changes
Pregnancy or postpartum period
Streptococcal-related PANDAS (in children)
Perfectionistic personality traits

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • If rituals take more than 1 hour per day
  • If daily tasks, social life or work are significantly impaired
  • If the anxiety caused by obsessive thoughts has become unbearable
  • If there is fear of harming oneself or loved ones (may be OCD; psychiatric evaluation is essential)

Treatment Methods

01
Exposure and response prevention (ERP) therapy — the most effective psychotherapy
02
SSRI class drugs (high dose, long-term treatment may be required)
03
Clomipramine (in resistant cases)
04
CBT-based cognitive interventions
05
Deep brain stimulation or transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) — in resistant cases
06
Family education and support

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Psikiyatri department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.