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ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis)

Symptoms, progression, and approaches that support quality of life in ALS, a motor neuron disease.

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Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Nöroloji department. Book Appointment →

What is ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis)?

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects both upper and lower motor neurons, leading to progressive muscle weakness and paralysis. In Türkiye it is also known as Lou Gehrig's disease.

ALS destroys the nerve cells that control voluntary muscle movements. As a result, walking, speaking, swallowing, and breathing gradually become difficult. Sensory nerves, eye muscles, and sphincters are usually preserved; mental functions are usually not affected.

There is no definitive cure for ALS yet; however, drugs such as riluzole and edaravone can slow disease progression. A multidisciplinary approach — neurology, respiratory medicine, nutrition, speech therapy, and psychiatry — significantly improves quality of life.

Symptoms

Weakness and loss of skill in the hands or feet
Becoming slurred or unintelligible in speech (dysarthria)
Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
Muscle twitching (fasciculation) and cramps
Shortness of breath (as the disease progresses)
Muscle wasting (atrophy)

Risk Factors

Family history of ALS (5-10% familial form)
Gene mutations such as SOD1, C9orf72
Male sex and age range 40-70
Heavy physical activity and athletic background (in some studies)
Smoking
Military service history (cause not fully known)

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Unexplained progressive arm or leg weakness
  • Progressively worsening difficulty in speech or swallowing
  • Muscle twitches and wasting
  • If breathing difficulty has started
  • If there is family history and similar symptoms have developed

Treatment Methods

01
Riluzole and edaravone (drugs that slow disease progression)
02
Physiotherapy: maintaining muscle strength and fatigue management
03
Speech therapy: communication tools and swallowing rehabilitation
04
Respiratory support: non-invasive mechanical ventilation (BiPAP)
05
Nutritional support: PEG (percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy)
06
Psychiatric support and patient-family care coordination

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Nöroloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.