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Substance Use Disorder

Symptoms of drug and alcohol addiction, the withdrawal process, and rehabilitation.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Psikiyatri department. Book Appointment →

What is Substance Use Disorder?

Substance use disorder is a chronic brain disease in which a person continues to use a substance despite knowing its harmful consequences, affecting brain reward, memory, and motivation circuits. It is not a failure of willpower but a biologically based condition that requires treatment.

Cannabis, heroin, cocaine, amphetamines, synthetic cannabinoids, and prescription drug misuse are common forms of addiction. Tolerance (needing more of the substance for the same effect) and withdrawal symptoms are core indicators of addiction.

Recovery is difficult but possible. The combination of medical detoxification, pharmacotherapy, and psychotherapy yields the best results. Long-term support and follow-up are vital to prevent relapse.

Symptoms

Inability to control or cut down substance use
Strong desire to use (craving)
Spending excessive time obtaining and using the substance
Neglect of social and occupational responsibilities
Continued use despite harmful consequences
Withdrawal symptoms (tremor, sweating, anxiety) when not using

Risk Factors

Family history of addiction (genetic predisposition)
Early age of substance use
Trauma and mental health disorders (dual diagnosis)
Peer pressure and easy access to substances
Chronic pain and prescription opioid use
Social isolation and low socioeconomic status

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • When use cannot be controlled
  • When withdrawal is severe (seizure, delirium — emergency)
  • When the substance is causing health, work, or legal problems
  • When there are suicidal thoughts or self-harm

Treatment Methods

01
Medical detoxification (safe management of withdrawal)
02
Maintenance therapy: methadone, buprenorphine (opioid use disorder), naltrexone
03
Individual and group psychotherapy (motivational interviewing, CBT)
04
12-step programs and peer support groups
05
Treatment of co-occurring mental health disorders
06
Long-term follow-up and relapse prevention plan

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Psikiyatri department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.