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Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Chronic stress response that develops after a traumatic event

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Psikiyatri department. Book Appointment →

What is Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)?

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic stress response that develops after directly experiencing, witnessing, or learning of a traumatic event involving life-threatening danger, serious injury, or sexual violence.

DSM-5 outlines four symptom clusters: re-experiencing (flashbacks, nightmares), avoidance, negative cognitions and mood (negative thinking patterns, emotional numbing), and hyperarousal (vigilance, exaggerated startle response).

First-line treatment is trauma-focused CBT and EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing); SSRIs and SNRIs are used as pharmacotherapy.

Symptoms

Flashbacks (re-experiencing the traumatic event)
Recurrent nightmares
Avoidance of trauma reminders
Emotional numbing
Hypervigilance and exaggerated startle response
Sleep disturbance and concentration difficulty

Risk Factors

Exposure to war, terror, or natural disaster
Sexual assault or physical violence
Motor vehicle accident
Childhood trauma
Female sex
Insufficient social support

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Symptoms persisting more than 1 month after trauma
  • Significant functional impairment
  • Suicidal thoughts
  • Coping with substance use

Treatment Methods

01
Trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy
02
EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing)
03
SSRIs (sertraline, paroxetine, FDA approved)
04
Venlafaxine (alternative)
05
Prazosin (for trauma-related nightmares)
06
Group therapy and support groups

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Psikiyatri department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.