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Varicocele

Scrotal Venous Dilation and Fertility Impact

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Published:

This content is for general information; please consult your physician for diagnosis and treatment.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Üroloji department. Book Appointment →

What is Varicocele?

Varicocele is dilation of the pampiniform venous plexus within the scrotum due to incompetent or absent valves in the internal spermatic vein.

Left side predominance (90%) reflects left renal vein drainage anatomy and nutcracker phenomenon.

Classified clinically (grade I-III) or subclinically on Doppler ultrasound.

Associated with impaired spermatogenesis through scrotal hyperthermia, oxidative stress, and reflux of metabolites.

Symptoms

Dull scrotal ache or heaviness, worse with standing or exertion
Visible or palpable 'bag of worms' in the scrotum
Testicular atrophy or asymmetry
Impaired semen parameters on analysis
Dragging sensation relieved by lying down
Secondary infertility in a couple

Risk Factors

Male puberty and adolescence (onset)
Tall, thin body habitus
Positive family history
Prolonged standing or occupational factors
Right-sided or sudden-onset varicocele: evaluate for retroperitoneal mass
Increased intra-abdominal pressure

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Scrotal pain, heaviness, or visible varicosities
  • Infertility in the couple with known varicocele
  • Sudden right-sided varicocele (rule out renal/retroperitoneal pathology)

Treatment Methods

01
Observation for asymptomatic clinical varicocele with normal semen and symmetric testes
02
Supportive scrotal support, NSAIDs, and activity modification for mild pain
03
Microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy for infertility with abnormal semen parameters, pain, or significant testicular asymmetry in adolescents
04
Laparoscopic or open retroperitoneal approaches as alternatives
05
Percutaneous antegrade or retrograde embolization in select cases
06
Post-repair semen analysis at 3-6 months; pregnancy rates improve 30-50%

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Üroloji department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Üroloji Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.