The information on this website is not intended for diagnosis or treatment. Please consult your physician for health concerns.

+90 850 321 50 00

Hemorrhoids (Piles)

A common condition caused by dilation and swelling of veins in the anal region, leading to bleeding and pain.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Genel Cerrahi department. Book Appointment →

What is Hemorrhoids (Piles)?

Hemorrhoids (piles) are a condition caused by abnormal dilation and swelling of blood vessels on the inner or outer surface of the anal canal. Internal hemorrhoids are located inside the anal canal, while external hemorrhoids are located just outside the anal opening.

Hemorrhoids are classified into 4 grades according to their severity: Grade I only bleeds; Grade II prolapses during defecation but spontaneously returns; Grade III needs to be pushed back manually; Grade IV remains permanently outside.

Approximately 75% of the population experiences hemorrhoid symptoms at some point in their lives. They can generally be controlled with lifestyle changes; however, surgical treatment may be required in advanced cases.

Symptoms

Bright red rectal bleeding (on toilet paper or in the toilet)
Itching and burning in the anal area
Pain during or after defecation
Swelling or lump in the anal area
Feeling of incomplete defecation
Sudden severe pain in external hemorrhoids (thrombosed hemorrhoid)

Risk Factors

Chronic constipation and straining during defecation
Low-fiber, highly processed food consumption
Sitting on the toilet for long periods
Pregnancy and vaginal delivery
Obesity
Sedentary lifestyle
Advanced age

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • Rectal bleeding (especially when experienced for the first time — colon cancer must be ruled out)
  • Severe or persistent anal pain
  • Hemorrhoids that cannot be pushed back manually
  • Anemia (with excessive bleeding)
  • If itching and complaints negatively affect quality of life

Treatment Methods

01
Lifestyle changes: high-fiber diet, plenty of water, regular exercise, adjustment of toilet habits
02
Topical creams and suppositories: symptomatic relief for itching and pain
03
Band ligation: bloodless office procedure for grade I-III internal hemorrhoids
04
Sclerotherapy and infrared coagulation: shrinking of small internal hemorrhoids
05
Hemorrhoidectomy (surgery): removal of hemorrhoid tissue in advanced, symptomatic, or recurrent cases
06
Stapled hemorrhoidopexy (PPH): stapler method for grade IV hemorrhoids

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Genel Cerrahi department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Genel Cerrahi Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

Book AppointmentContact Us

Related Health Topics

Other articles from the same department you may want to explore.

Appendicitis

Genel Cerrahi

Appendicitis is inflammation of the appendix causing severe pain in the lower right abdomen. Early diagnosis and surgical treatment are life-saving.

Inguinal Hernia

Genel Cerrahi

Inguinal hernia is the protrusion of intestine or fat into the inguinal canal due to weakness in the abdominal wall. It can be permanently corrected with surgical treatment.

Umbilical Hernia

Genel Cerrahi

Umbilical hernia manifests as a soft swelling around the navel. While it often resolves spontaneously in infants, surgical treatment may be required in adults.

Gallstones and Cholecystectomy

Genel Cerrahi

Gallstones cause severe pain in the upper right abdomen, especially after fatty meals. They are safely treated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Anal Fissure

Genel Cerrahi

Anal fissure is a tear in the thin skin of the anal canal. It presents with sharp pain and bleeding and can be healed with medical or surgical treatment.

Pilonidal Sinus

Genel Cerrahi

Pilonidal sinus consists of tunnels and tracts prone to chronic infection, formed by hair becoming embedded under the skin in the tailbone area. Surgical treatment provides a permanent solution.

Thyroid Surgery

Genel Cerrahi

Thyroid surgery involves the removal of part or all of the thyroid gland for indications such as benign nodules, goiter, and thyroid cancer.

Laparoscopic Surgery

Genel Cerrahi

Laparoscopic surgery is a technique performed through a few millimeter-sized ports instead of large incisions. It provides less pain, faster recovery, and cosmetic superiority.

Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.